Hair loss in dogs, a condition called alopecia, can be part of a dog's normal growth and development. Shedding can occur as a puppy matures into adulthood and during changes in the seasons. Alopecia can also be caused by other factors such as allergies or illness.
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Function
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A dog's hair helps keep him warm and helps to protect his skin from the UV rays of the sun. A dog runs the risk of getting sunburn and possibly skin cancer without the protection his coat offers.
Causes
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Alopecia can be due to many factors in a dog's life, such as skin conditions or allergies, or be a symptom of a medical problem. Medical problems can include physical ailments or psychological disorders. Certain dog breeds lose and replenish hair at different rates than other breeds.
Allergies
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Allergic reactions can contribute to alopecia. Reactions can occur through eating certain foods or being exposed to a specific allergen. Aside from hair loss, other signs of an allergic reaction can include itching, redness, inflamed ears and infection.
Illness
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There are a number of diseases that display alopecia as a symptom of a much larger medical problem, such as mange, ringworm and Cushing's disease. Skin conditions that are caused by fungal or bacterial infections, or parasites or insect bites--such as fleas, ticks and lice--can also lead to hair loss as well as other medical issues.
Solutions
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Even though alopecia can be a characteristic of a particular breed or part of a dog's growth and development, it can also be a sign of illness. Taking your dog to the veterinarian for a checkup is a good way to determine if your dog is in good health. It's also good to research your dog's breed so that you are away of what level of hair loss is appropriate.
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