Small dogs may become constipated as a result of a poor diet, insufficient fiber intake or lack of adequate exercise. Symptoms of constipation include straining while defecating or the absence of bowel movements. If left untreated, the lower intestines of a small dog may become permanently stretched, which results in "megacolon" - the inability of the intestines to expel fecal matter. In most cases, simple home remedies will cure constipation; however, if the remedies are not effective, contact a veterinarian to rule out possible bowel obstruction, a more serious condition that requires medical attention.
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Pumpkin
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Pure canned pumpkin (not pumpkin pie filling) is effective in both relieving constipation and alleviating diarrhea in small dogs. Pumpkin is a rich source of soluble fiber that contains water, and most dogs enjoy the flavor. Adding pumpkin to a dog's diet treats constipation and prevents the condition from recurring. Dogs weighing under 15 pounds should receive 1 to 2 teaspoons daily; dogs weighing more than 15 pounds should receive 1 to 2 tablespoons daily. Begin with the least amount recommended and monitor the dog's stool. If the consistency becomes too loose, reduce the amount of pumpkin.
Add Fiber
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Incorporate more fiber into the dog's diet. Most quality dog foods supply adequate amounts of fiber; however, when a dog is constipated, adding more can regulate bowel movements and cure the problem. Add 2 teaspoons of bran cereal to the dog's daily food. Additionally, small dogs can safely consume one-half teaspoon of unflavored Metamucil twice daily. If giving a dog Metamucil, or psyllium, be sure to provide fresh water to prevent it from congealing in the stomach.
Prevent Constipation with Good Nutrition
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Prevent constipation by feeding your dog a quality food with balanced nutrition, providing plenty of water and regularly exercising the dog. Minimize snacking and avoid giving the dog any table scraps. Dogs should have constant access to fresh water since dehydration can result in constipation. Additionally, exercise maintains normal bowel function.
Avoid Mineral Oil Unless Directed by a Vet
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Mineral oil is an old-fashioned remedy; given orally, it can soften the stool and make it easier for a small dog to defecate without straining. However, according to Mar Vista Animal Medical Center, avoid this remedy unless prescribed by a veterinarian, since the light fluid can easily be inhaled into the dog's respiratory tract and cause other medical problems, such as inflammation.
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