Hair loss in dogs is more than unsightly; it may be indicative of serious disease. Dozens of conditions can cause hair loss, and it's important to take your dog to the veterinarian for proper diagnosis and treatment. Certain breeds of dogs are more susceptible to diseases causing hair loss than others.
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Flea Allergy Dermatitis
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Along with the constant scratching, hair loss is a common symptom of flea allergy in dogs. Affected dogs respond with a serious reaction to flea saliva. Other symptoms of flea allergy dermatitis include crusty, scaly skin, redness and inflammation. The vet will usually give the dog steroids or antihistamines to get the reaction under control. A topical anti-flea medication, such as Frontline, given once a month all year long, can prevent re-infestation. Since fleas take up residence in carpets and upholstery, treatment of the dog's environment is necessary to prevent re occurrence. In some cases, spraying the yard for fleas is advisable.
Hypothyroidism
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Hypothyroidism is a common reason for dog hair loss. It's a result of decreased thyroid hormone production, and causes hair to fall out and become brittle and dry. The dog may also gain weight, act lethargic, and have changes in skin pigmentation. Hypothyroidism may be accompanied by yeast or bacterial infections. The condition is usually seen in middle-aged animals. Diagnosis is by thyroid gland testing, chemistry panels and a complete blood count. Dogs with hypothyroidism must receive thyroid supplements for the rest of their lives.
Sarcoptic Mange
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Dogs with sarcoptic mange, caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei, react to the condition with severe itching and hair loss. Typical areas of hair loss are the elbows, belly, chest, armpits, and ears. Also known as canine scabies, it also infects people, felines, ferrets and other mammals. Diagnosis is by skin scraping. However, since mites may not be on the dog at the time of a scraping, a negative result does not mean the dog doesn't have sarcoptic mange. Treatment usually consists of clipping the dog, and subjecting him to an organophosphate dip every two weeks for a six-week period. Topical medications such as Frontline or Revolution protect against sarcoptic mange. Because the disease spreads so easily, all dogs in the household with the affected dog should receive treatment.
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