For many years now, glucosamine and methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) have been used to treat individuals who suffer from joint pain and instability. Veterinarians have prescribed the supplements for dogs and other animals as well and have observed many of the same benefits that are found for humans. Dogs that see the best results with glucosamine and MSM supplements tend to be middle-aged and older and are usually larger breeds, such as Labradors and other retrievers and German Shepherds, as these are the groups usually affected by joint issues.
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Description
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Glucosamine is an amino acid present in all living animals. It is found in the greatest concentrations in cartilage but is also present in joint fluid. As a result of digestion, however, virtually all of the glucosamine present in a dog's diet is not available to be utilized. Healthy dogs are able to manufacture sufficient glucosamine to maintain cartilage, while older dogs and those with joint damage are unable to do so. MSM is a sulfur compound that is produced naturally by kelp in the ocean. Sulfur occurs naturally within the body as well and is concentrated most highly in joints, hair, skin and nails, where it allows nutrients to flow freely into cells. Many doctors believe that MSM has the ability to strengthen connective tissue, reduce scar tissue and act as an anti-inflammatory and pain reliever.
Sources
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Glucosamine is available as a supplement, so pet owners can give it to their dogs in tablet or pill form. Many dog foods and treats also include glucosamine, which may be more palatable for some dogs. In supplement form, glucosamine is usually derived from the shells of crabs, lobsters and other crustaceans. In addition to plants and vegetation like kelp, MSM can be found in raw fruit and vegetables, as well as nuts and seeds. It is also offered in supplemental form, which is usually an easier way for pet owners to give it to their dogs.
Uses
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Both glucosamine and MSM are usually used for dogs that have joint problems. Some common canine joint issues are osteoarthritis and hip dysplasia. Both conditions cause dogs' cartilage to wear away, causing bone-on-bone contact. Dogs experience pain, limping, lameness and altered gait. Glucosamine is often used in combination with chondroitin and the pair works to help cartilage-forming cells repair existing damage and produce healthy new cells. MSM's anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving properties provide dogs with more comfort and ease of movement, while it also helps to strengthen connective tissue. In addition, glucosamine is often used to treat canine spinal disc injuries or as a postoperative treatment in dogs that have had joint surgery.
Side Effects
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Glucosamine and MSM have few side effects. In some cases, dogs will experience vomiting or diarrhea after taking glucosamine or MSM supplements. These symptoms are usually controlled if the supplement is given with food or the dosage is adjusted.
Risks
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While both glucosamine and MSM have few side effects in dogs, the usage of these supplements is not strictly regulated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). No recommended dosages have been established and the FDA has not approved them to treat any specific medical conditions. In addition, few controlled studies have been performed with either supplement. However, many dogs have experienced improved mobility and reduced pain as result of glucosamine and MSM products, so most veterinarians feel comfortable recommending them to dog owners. If you are considering giving your dog either supplement, consult with your veterinarian beforehand.
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