Kidney stones and bladder stones can be found in dogs. They are also called calculi or uroliths, which are similar to the kidney stones found on humans. Kidney stones and bladder stones are composed of mineral salts of common elements that are found in dog's bodies. There are several treatments for kidney stones.
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Symptoms
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The two most common symptoms of kidney stones are blood in the urine or painful urination. Blood in the urine is also called hematuria, which is caused when stones irritate the bladder's sensitivity lining. Frequent urination is another common symptom that usually results in straining, very little urine released and blood in the urine. Dogs may also appear restless and when they walk, their loins may be in a crouched position.
Diets
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It is important to know the composition of the stones in order to manage them. Certain diets can be made at home to dissolve the stones. The diet typically contains less protein so that ammonia is not formed in the urine. The diet also has a reduced amount of magnesium and phosphorus because kidney stones are composed of these elements. Dogs should also drink a lot of water to dilute the urine and to help the kidney stones to dissolve.
Surgery
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In some cases when kidney stones cannot be treated medically or for faster relief, surgery may be required. Surgery to treat kidney stones in dogs is known as cystotomy. An incision is made and an instrument called a biopsy punch is used to reach up into the bladder to crush small stones. After the procedure is complete, the bladder is flushed out with a diluted acetic acid and antibiotic. The incision is than sewn shut.
Catheter
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A urinary catheter is another method of treating kidney stone. A catheter is placed in the bladder and Hydro Pulse is used to flush out the stones. This method is used when the stones are very small. When the stones are removed, it is important that the veterinarian analyze the stone to determine its composition. This is needed to make an accurate recommendation of measures to prevent the recurrence of kidney stones.
Prevention
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It is important to take preventative measures for your dog to help prevent a recurrence of kidney stones. Your dog should urinate at least every 6 to 8 hours. When urine is retained in the bladder, it is easier to develop an infection. Clean drinking water should be refilled often to continually flush bacteria out of the bladder. Cranberry juice can also be added to their food to prevent kidney stones. Cranberry juice helps to acidify urine and aids against certain bacteria adhering to the bladder wall.
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