Sarcoptic mange produces itchy, irritated skin on the infected dog. Sarcoptes mites produce small burrows in the dog's skin, then lay eggs in them. When the mites burrow and move around, they cause irritation, and the mites may spread if not treated in a timely manner. Several medications are available for the treatment of sarcoptic mange in dogs. A veterinarian will discuss these options with you and recommend a preferred medicine based on the specific dog in question.
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Ivermectin and its Derivatives
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Ivermectin is one of the preferred treatments for sarcoptic mange and other parasitic infestations. Although approved by the FDA for certain treatments, it was considered "off label" as of 2009 for the treatment of different types of mange and other parasites.
Ivermectin is administered either orally or by injection. Certain pets may reject the medicine due to this. Ivermectin is also dangerous to many dogs, particularly many herding breeds. A test is available to determine whether your dog has the mutation that prevents it from taking this medication.
Selamectin and Moxidectin are derivatives of Ivermectin and are commonly sold as Revolution and Advantage Multi, respectively. Selamectin is effective in preventing mange when taken as directed; however, to cure sarcoptic mange, an extra dose may be administered. As of 2009, Moxidectin was still "off-label" for the treatment of sarcoptic mange in the United States, but approved in other countries around the world.
Milbemycin Oxime
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Commonly sold under the names "Sentinel" and "Interceptor," milbemycin oxime is an effective treatment for canine scabies (another term for sarcoptic mange) although they are marketed as a heartworm preventative. These products are taken orally once a month.
Dipping
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Although not used as frequently as in prior years, lime-sulfur or mitaban dips are still effective against sarcoptic mites. Dipping takes longer and is not as simple to perform as other medications.
Prior to dipping, the infected dog is washed with anti-bacterial or anti-itch shampoos. The process requires several "dips" repeated bi-weekly or so. Dips are unpleasant and may hurt the dog if the dip comes in contact with its eyes or is ingested.
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