Permethrin Toxicity in Dogs

Permethrin is one of the ingredients found in flea and tick medications. This product is a man-made insecticide which is derived from pyrethrum. Pyrethrum is made from the flowers of certain species of the chrysanthemum plant. Permethrin is part of the pyrethroid insecticide group, which was developed to match or exceed the effectiveness of natural pyrethrum. The most recent formula of this insecticide, when used correctly, is said to be safe and effective for your dog without toxicity.

  1. Significance

    • Fleas cause great discomfort for your dog and getting rid of them can sometimes be a difficult process. In order to bring your dog comfort as well as treat your home, there are numerous products available, such as sprays for the home and those in small tubes, applied to the back of your dog. These flea products, which can last up to 30 days, contain toxins such as permethrin. Permethrins are synthetic pyrethroids which are longer lasting than the all-natural version. The permethrins are used for shampoos, sprays, dips, collars and spot treatment. The synthetic and natural formulas work by interfering with nerve impulses, which paralyzes and kills the parasite. The permethrin toxins can adversely affect your dog's nervous system if the product is not applied correctly.

    Effects/Symptoms

    • Permethrin toxicity is a result of overdosing. Common symptoms include drooling, lethargy, and loss of appetite, muscle tremors, disorientation, seizures and vomiting.

    Diagnosis

    • As documented by the Pet Place website, the diagnosis of permethrin toxicity in your dog is determined by way of a physical exam and review of recent history of flea product applications. Your veterinarian can perform a skin and hair test for a definitive diagnosis.

    First Aid

    • Bathe and rinse your dog immediately in lukewarm water if any toxicity symptoms appear. Hot water will dilate blood vessels in the skin, increasing the absorption of the flea product. Use a mild dish soap or dog shampoo. Hypothermia increases the toxicity, making it imperative to monitor your dog's body temperature.

    Treatment

    • If ingested, induce vomiting and bring your dog to the vet. He may choose to flush your dog's stomach, using a procedure known as gastric lavage, and activated charcoal may be administered. Other treatments include anticonvulsants and/or muscle relaxants such as diazepam to control seizures, and methocarbamol to treat muscle tremors. Provide a safe environment to prevent injury resulting from disorientation. Fluids are administered, and atropine is used to decrease drooling.