Allergies are common in canines and the symptoms associated with them can make a dog miserable. Dogs with allergies itch and scratch continuously when exposed to an irritant, which can lead to hair loss and hot spots (a localized area of skin inflammation and infection). A number of treatment options are available to lessen the dog's allergy miseries and provide him much needed relief. Unfortunately, allergy shots may be the only cure.
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Topical Applications
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Topical applications, such as cool baths with oatmeal or Epsom salts mixed in the water can help sooth irritated skin and cool hot spots. In addition, there are specially formulated shampoos available for dogs with sensitive skin. Cortispray and Dermacool---made with witch hazel---may also provide the dog temporary itch relief and keep the infected hot spot clean. Veterinary dermatologist Lowell Ackerman also recommends trimming the hair around the hot spot to expose the entire lesion. He suggests applying cortisone to the wound after it's thoroughly cleaned to promote healing.
Allergy Shots
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When allergy testing has been performed to identify allergens, allergy shots can be effective in eliminating the allergic reaction it causes. Veterinarians at the University of Pennsylvania Veterinary Hospital report an average success rate of 73 percent. The downside is that they may take as long as six to 12 months to work and injections can be expensive.
Drug Therapies
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Steroids, antihistamines and fatty acids can reduce allergy symptoms in dogs. Corticosteroids---a steroid prescribed to treat canine allergies---helps to reduce skin irritation and hot spots. These drugs are effective in seasonal allergy sufferers in relieving severe discomfort.
Cheryl Minnier, a contributing writer to the dog health resource website k9web.com, found antihistamines to be an effective method for treating allergies in one third of the dogs taking them. Commonly prescribed antihistamines to treat canine allergies include: Tavist, Benadryl, Atarax, Chlortrimenton and Seldane. These drugs can cause drowsiness.
About 20 percent of dogs respond well to omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, which are natural anti-inflammatory supplements. Although less effective in providing itch relief, may reduce skin inflammation due to hot spots.
Avoidance
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The best solution to prevent allergic reactions and hot spots is to completely avoid the dog's exposure to irritants. Running the air conditioner, using air filters or dehumidifier in your home may help reduce exposure to atopy allergies like dust, mold and pollen.
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