Skin problems are among one of the most common reasons for a dog to see a veterinarian. These skin issues can be due to parasites, environmental factors, neurological issues or even the food the dog is eating. Owners who suspect their dog may be suffering from some type of skin issue should seek veterinary care immediately.
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Allergic Dermatitis
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An owner may not associate skin problems with allergies in a dog, but dogs display allergy symptoms through their skin rather than displaying respiratory symptoms. Signs of an allergic reaction may include mild to excessive itching or scratching, biting and licking.
Alopecia
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Alopecia is a term used to describe hair loss in canine companions. Hair loss can occur for hundreds of reasons, including allergies, hormonal issues, bacterial infections, rare diseases such as black hair follicular dysplasia, diabetes, pregnancy, fungal infections or sunburn. Many cases of alopecia will clear up when the primary health issue is treated, although some causes of alopecia may cause permanent hair loss.
Folliculitis
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Folliculitis is a bacterial skin infection that usually occurs alongside other skin issues, such as allergies or parasites. Signs of bacterial folliculitis include rash-like symptoms including unusual sores, scabs and bumps on the skin.
Fleas and Ticks
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Fleas and ticks are both parasites that live on a dog's skin and feed on its blood. While there may not be any signs of a single tick on a dog, dogs with multiple ticks may suffer from anemia. Signs of a flea infestation include itching, hot spots, licking and scabs on the skin.
Hot Spots
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A hot spot is a small, red and inflamed area of the skin. They can be found on the head, abdomen or the hips of an affected dog and get their name simply because they are hot when touched. A hot spot can occur due to insect bites or excessive licking and scratching, among other reasons. Treatment should be aimed at the underlying cause of the hot spot.
Mange
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Sarcoptic mites and Demodex mites cause a condition known as mange in dogs. Symptoms of canine mange include mild to intense itching, hair loss, reddened and inflamed skin and skin sores. In some cases, secondary infections can occur due to the open and inflamed wounds caused by the excessive itching or scratching.
Ringworm
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Contrary to popular belief, ringworm is a fungal infection, not a parasitic infection. Ringworm produces a circular shape that can occur anywhere on the skin of the body. It also causes scaly skin, hair loss and inflammation of the affected area. It is highly contagious, although easily treated when brought to the attention of a veterinarian.
Seborrhea
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Seborrhea is a term used to describe scaly skin, which may be either oily or dry. Canine seborrhea usually occurs as a secondary health issue to conditions such as allergies or issues with the hormonal system. Fortunately, seborrhea usually clears up when the primary health issue is treated.
Yeast Infections
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Yeast infections can occur anywhere on the skin, although they often affect the ears and the toes. Symptoms of a canine yeast infection include itching, discolored skin, scaly skin, thickened skin or an unusual and foul odor.
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