Canine entropion is a condition in which the bottom eyelid rolls inward to such a degree that hair on the eyelid's surface will rub and irritate the eyeball. It can occur in one or both eyes. Although any breed of dog can develop this condition, it is most prevalent in Saint Bernards, poodles, Great Danes, Shar-Peis and spaniels, which suggests that the trait is inherited. Surgery is the only treatment available for entropion.
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Symptoms
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The most common symptoms of entropion are red and inflamed eyes. This may cause a dog to squint and scratch at his eye, risking further damage to the area.
Diagnosis
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A diagnosis can be made by examining the lower eyelid and determining that it is in fact rolled inward. In addition, a veterinarian may check the cornea for irritation by placing a dye called fluorescein in the eye, which will turn bright green in the presence of ulcers.
Significance
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Without treatment, entropion can potentially lead to blindness. Constant friction can irritate the cornea to the point that ulcers may develop. If these ulcers burst, they can cause severe infections that can eventually result in loss of sight.
Solution
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For young puppies in which the condition is not yet serious, sutures are added to the eyelids to pull them outwards, thereby eliminating contact with the cornea. The sutures are removed after a short period of time. Adult dogs with entropion typically require a more invasive surgery to reverse the condition. This method involves surgically removing excess skin folds and then tightening the eyelids. In order to allow the area to heal, the dog will be fitted with a protective surgical collar, and antibiotic ointment will need to be applied. Entropion rarely returns if the surgery is done properly.
Prevention
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Since entropion is considered a genetic condition that can be inherited from parents, it is recommended that dogs with this condition be spayed and neutered to prevent breeding, which can potentially pass down the condition to offspring.
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