Ear infections in canines are relatively common. Otitis externa is an infection of the outer ear, and otitis media is an infection of the middle ear. Inner-ear infections are also possible, though they are not as common as middle and outer ear infections. Canine ear infections are relatively easy to treat, though if left untreated the infections can travel further into the ear, causing loss of hearing or other more serious health issues.
-
Ear Mites
-
Ear mites are highly contagious and easily passed between dogs and other household pets. These tiny parasites also can cause secondary infections in the ear, such as yeast infections or bacterial infections. When ear mites are present, the ear canals also may have a build-up of debris, which is similar in appearance to coffee grounds. The dog may excessively scratch his ear or shake his head in an attempt to dislodge the mites. Fortunately, ear mites can be treated with formulated ear drops, which are available through a veterinarian or as over-the-counter medication from pet supply stores and at some major chain retailers.
Bacterial Infections
-
Pseudomonas, strep and staph bacteria all have the potential to cause a middle-ear infection in canines. Dogs that are suffering from a middle-ear infection may have symptoms similar to those of of ear mites. This includes shaking of the head or itching and pawing at the affected ear. Middle-ear infections also may cause pain in the infected ear. In severe cases, the dog may suffer from temporary facial paralysis, which is a result of inflammation of the facial nerve located near the middle ear. Dogs that display any of these symptoms should be brought to a veterinarian for proper diagnosis and treatment. The veterinarian will clean the affected ear and inform the owner on how to properly clean the ear in the future, if necessary. Treatment can involve oral antibiotics or ear drops, depending on the severity of the infection.
Fungal Infections
-
Yeast is the most common fungal infection affecting the ears of the dog. Malassezia, or yeast, can cause an infection in the inner, middle and outer ear, so it is necessary that treatment be sought immediately if a yeast infection is suspected. A majority of ear infections produce the same symptoms, though dogs with a yeast infection may also have an unusual or foul odor coming from the ear. The ear also may become thickened or scaly in appearance. Like with any canine ear infection, veterinary care is required for diagnosis, proper cleaning of the ears and to obtain the proper anti-fungal medication.
-