Malignant tumors, called transitional cell carcinoma, represent the most common type of bladder tumors in dogs, according to Dr. Jeffrey Philibert. These cancerous tumors can develop inside the bladder, urethra or urinary tract. The Mar Vista Animal Medical Center states that the average age of dogs diagnosed with bladder cancer is 11 years old. Benign bladder tumors, such as polyps and leiomyomas, rarely occur.
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Risk Factors
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Although the underlying cause of transitional cell carcinoma isn't known, several risk factors increase the chance of developing these tumors. Risk factors include exposure to flea and tick dips, obesity and being neutered. Tumors commonly occur in females and certain breeds, such as Scottish terriers and beagles.
Clinical Signs
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Clinical signs of transitional cell carcinoma include straining while urinating or defecating, frequent urination with little output, urine containing blood, coughing and trouble breathing.
Diagnosis
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Diagnosis requires several tests, including complete blood cell count, contrast dye X-rays, abdominal ultrasound, urinalysis and serum biochemistry tests.
Treatment
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Small carcinoma and benign tumors can be surgically removed. Other treatment options for carcinoma include chemotherapy, radiation therapy and a permanent urinary catheter.
Warning
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Transitional cell carcinoma can lead to a potentially fatal urinary tract obstruction when left untreated. The cancer can also spread throughout the body.
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