Dry skin is a common problem in dogs and often manifests itself as dandruff and a dull, dry coat. Bathing a dog too frequently or using a shampoo that is too harsh for his skin type is a common contributor to dry coat. Brushing a dog daily is beneficial because this helps distribute his skin oils throughout the coat. However, diet is perhaps the most important factor in a dog's coat and skin condition.
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Symptoms
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Dry skin, the cause of a dull, unhealthy coat, is an uncomfortable condition for dogs. It often causes itching and dandruff. Signs that your dog has dry skin include excessive scratching, chewing on the feet or tail and rubbing the face. Your dog may also rub up against things or roll on the carpet on his back in an attempt to alleviate the itching. You may notice dandruff on the surface of the coat or irritation of the skin, such as flakiness or redness.
Medical Causes
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There are several types of skin problems, called dermatitis, that can lead to a dry coat. Environmental and food allergies are a common cause. The Dog Channel states that other leading causes of skin problems include parasites, infectious diseases and congenital disorders. If your dog suffers from dry skin and poor coat condition, have him evaluated by a veterinarian as soon as possible.
Commercial Food
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According to the Pet Center's veterinary website, optimum diet can both extend the length of and improve the quality of any pet's life. In recent years, several pet food companies have begun offering higher-quality pet food options. Quality ingredients cost more money, so the least expensive option is not a good choice for a dog with a skin condition. When purchasing commercial pet food, make sure that a whole meat source is listed as the first ingredient. Avoid foods with grain "fillers," especially corn, listed in the first 10 ingredients. The highest quality foods contain little or no grain, meal or animal by-products.
Homemade Food
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Some owners choose to make dog food at home so they can tailor a diet specifically to their dogs' needs. Others may feed their dogs a diet of commercial food, but supplement with occasional homemade foods. Foods such as fish, eggs and peanut butter contain nutrients that can help improve the condition of your dog's skin and coat. Ask your veterinarian for recommendations, and have your dog evaluated for food allergies before starting him on a homemade diet.
Supplements
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Supplements for skin and coat problems are plentiful at pet shops and pet supply stores. Supplements take the form of vitamins, treats or liquids that can be added to your dog's food. The Pet Education website suggests looking for supplements containing essential fatty acids, especially linoleic acid, or "LA." Sunflower and safflower oils are rich natural sources of LA, and the oil of cold water fish, such as Alaskan Salmon, is a good source as well.
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