Canine colitis is a condition in which the large intestine becomes irritated and inflamed, causing bowel complications. These complications most commonly manifest as diarrhea, although constipation can also occur. If you notice your dog is straining to make a bowel movement or that there is blood or mucus in his stool, colitis may be the culprit. Treatment for colitis depends on the underlying cause for the condition, and there are many causes to be considered.
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Parasites
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Several forms of parasites can infect dogs and result in canine colitis. Whipworms, for example, take refuge in the upper colon. The canine giardia parasite is another parasite that wreaks havoc on a dog's intestines and contributes to many gastrointestinal problems, one of which is colitis.
Diet Indiscretion
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A dog's diet can cause canine colitis. Dogs that eat garbage or spoiled food can develop canine colitis. Even dogs that eat grass are susceptible to colitis due to the irritation caused by indigestible fiber contained in the stems. Some dogs have a disorder called pica that causes them to compulsively eat non-food items. This can lead to acute canine colitis.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)
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Inflammatory bowel disease in dogs occurs when a dog's own protective cells invade the intestinal wall and cause inflammation. According to the VetInfo website, food allergens may play a role in the cause of inflammatory bowel disease.
Bacteria
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Exposure to bacteria that affect the gastrointestinal tract, such as Salmonella, Shigella, Campylobacter, and Yersinia, can cause canine colitis. The most common bacteria is Salmonella and it is contracted when the dog eats contaminated food or other materials.
Antibiotics
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It's common for canine colitis to occur after a dog finishes a course of antibiotics. Antibiotics essentially change the natural flora and bacteria in the intestinal tract. Probiotics or yogurt can restore the natural flora and remedy this variety of canine colitis.
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