Ursodiol is a prescription drug that helps support normal liver function. It's formulated for humans, but veterinarians prescribe it for off-label use in canines. It's sold under the names Actigall and Urso. It can help relieve the symptoms of chronic liver disease, gallstones and high cholesterol. Taken regularly, it can help improve digestion by enhancing bile flow through the liver.
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Uses
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Ursodiol can be used to help prevent gallstones from forming by reducing cholesterol in the bloodstream. Gallstones are crystallized formations of bile that can cause vomiting and jaundice, as well as severe pain in the abdominal region. Ursodiol also helps protect the liver from damage by corrosive bile salts. In addition, it can help treat chronic hepatitis, which can eventually cause inflammation and scarring of the liver.
Benefits
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Bile is a digestive juice that is produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder, and it helps break down fats. Ursodiol helps this fluid flow freely from the gallbladder, which helps keep the liver functional and healthy. This is necessary for proper digestion, because it can help prevent gallstones from forming and reduce existing ones. If gallstones become inflamed and irritate the lining of the gallbladder, they can become infected and require further treatment. Side effects from this drug are mild, with diarrhea being the most common.
Dosage
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Ursodiol is available in capsule and tablet form, and is administered by mouth. The dosage is 2.5 to 7mg per pound twice a day. Talk to your vet about which dosage is most appropriate for your dog. This drug should be given with food for optimal absorption. Even if your dog shows improvement, be sure to administer the full course of medication unless your vet advises otherwise.
Considerations
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During the time your pet is on this medication, your vet should monitor his liver function closely for changes that may affect his future treatment. Regular ultrasound examinations and tests of liver enzymes can indicate changes in your dog's condition, which may require a revision to his treatment protocol. Let your vet know if your dog takes other medications. Certain drugs, such as antacids, may have a negative effect on him when taken with ursodiol.
Warnings
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In extreme cases ursodiol can actually worsen liver disease. Monitor your dog for signs of jaundice, which may indicate poor liver function. If his eyes, gums or skin appear yellow, contact your vet immediately. Also, watch for lethargy, depression and vomiting. All can be signs that the disease is progressing. If your dog is allergic to the medication, he may experience facial swelling, pale gums or seizures. This also requires immediate medical attention.
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