Epilepsy is a condition of recurrent seizures (muscles responding to abnormal nerve impulses). There are two types that Labrador Retrievers are prone to: idiopathic and atypical epilepsy. Both appear to be hereditary. Most epileptics can be well controlled with medication.
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Idiopathic Epilepsy
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Idiopathic epilepsy seizures can be mild to severe. "Idiopathic" means of unknown cause. With this form, seizures usually begin when the dog is between ages one and five. It can affect many different breeds, but is common in Labs.
Atypical Epilepsy
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Labs with atypical epilepsy may develop more classic seizures later in life. Another form of epilepsy that has been documented in Labs is atypical epilepsy. This form is almost exclusive in Labs. It closely resembles another disorder called exercise-induced collapse, but it usually occurs without warning and the Lab recovers quickly.
Characteristics of Seizures
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A lab experiencing an atypical seizure may crawl instead of walking. Idiopathic seizures can range from the dog's just looking dazed to losing consciousness. In atypical epilepsy, the dog will retain consciousness during the seizure and will even be able to obey commands, but will experience anxiety, difficulty walking, uncontrollable trembling and muscle rigidity that will last two to five minutes on average.
Risk Factors
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Atypical epilepsy is distinguished by its sudden occurence and recovery. Genetics plays a role in both forms of epilepsy in Labs. Episodes can be triggered by extreme exercise or excitement, or occur for no apparent reason.
Treatment
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Most labs can live a normal life on antiseizure medication. Epilepsy in Labs cannot be cured. However, with use of antiseizure medications like phenobarbital and potassium bromide, it can usually be well controlled.
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