Whether you own a show dog that must maintain an immaculate coat or you simply want your best friend to keep its good looks, determining the underlying cause of canine hair loss is necessary for taking steps toward getting it to grow back. Hair loss in dogs can be symptomatic of conditions both serious and manageable, so identifying the cause and seeking veterinary assistance early is critical.
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Scratching
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Closely monitoring your dog's behavior can help determine whether its hair is falling out on its own or if excessive scratching is the cause. Parasitic infections such as mange can cause severe itching, which your dog will scratch with reckless abandon. If you discover that your dog is scratching to the point of hair loss, consult a veterinarian---the source of its troubles could be as simple as a case of fleas.
Infection
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If your dog's hair is falling out in small patches, it could be the result of a bacterial or fungal infection, such as pyoderma or dermatophytosis. Look for the distinct and small pink blotches of exposed skin. Hair loss on a larger scale is usually indicative of other, more serious diseases.
Hypothyroidism
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Hypothyroidism is a condition caused by insufficient production of thyroid hormones, and among its symptoms is hair loss. Hair loss caused by hypothyroidism typically occurs around the tail and neck. Though it is a serious condition requiring veterinary treatment, most adult dogs are able to return to a normal life following treatment---and their hair may grow back within three months. Since this condition can lead to other problems such as excessive weight gain, early diagnosis is crucial.
Cushing's Disease
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Canine hair loss may be symptomatic of Cushing's disease, a hormonal imbalance. This imbalance has a number of causes, including cancerous tumors, but it is treatable. Hair loss caused by Cushing's usually occurs on the body rather than the legs or head, and other symptoms include increased appetite, the development of a potbelly and an increase in drinking and urination. Cushing's can be treated through surgery or a lifelong medication regimen.
Allergies
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Severe cases of allergic reactions can cause hair loss in dogs. They may be reacting to outdoor allergens found in grass and other plants or household items. A veterinarian may need to perform a series of tests to determine what allergens your dog is reacting to, particularly if the allergic reaction is severe enough to cause hair loss.
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