Some canines may experience side effects from heartworm prevention medication. Although most side effects are low risk and disappear within 48 hours, others can be disabling or fatal to the dog. There are only a few medications available in pill form for the prevention of heartworms. Most veterinarians will not prescribe them without giving the dog a check-up and testing it for heartworm first. Discuss these risks with your veterinarian before starting a preventative regimen.
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Ivermectin
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Call the veterinarian if you notice an extreme lack of energy. Ivermectin is one of the safest pills used to prevent heartworms in dogs. It has been used to treat a wide range of parasitic infestations since the 1980s. The dosing for heartworm prevention is less than for other parasites, making it very safe. If given according to your vet's instructions, the drug rarely poses severe health risks; however, some dogs may suffer from temporary diarrhea, vomiting or lack of energy and balance. Occasionally, a dog can have an allergic reaction to this medicine which may cause hives, pale gums, facial swelling, severe itching, shock, seizures, or coma. If you notice severe reactions to the medication, take your dog to the vet immediately.
Milbemycin Oxime
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Milbemycin oxime is used to prevent and treat heartworm infection. Side effects are rare in most breeds, but watch for diarrhea, vomiting, weakness, loss of appetite or extreme salivation. This medicine rarely causes allergic reactions in dogs, but symptoms are relatively the same as with ivermectin. Contact a veterinarian if you notice any severe symptoms or symptoms lasting longer than 24 hours.
Breeds Prone to Side Effects and Risks
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It should be noted that some breeds of dogs can be sensitive to ivermectin and milbemycin oxime. The English sheepdog, Australian shepherd, Shetland sheepdog, and collie can all suffer from sensitivity to these drugs. Symptoms of drug sensitivity can include staggering or imbalance, dilated pupils, respiratory problems, and death. If your pet is one of these breeds, discuss alternative treatments or dosing with your vet.
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