Scabies refers to a condition caused by a specific external parasite known as a sarcoptic mange mite. Scabies in dogs causes intense itching, hair loss, skin infections and systemic infections, and can be transmitted to humans. Sarcoptes scabiei is the formal name for the mite responsible for the condition. Treatment is possible and early intervention will almost always result in a quicker, less intensive treatment protocol than a more advanced condition. Recognizing the early warning signs of scabies is paramount to a successful treatment.
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Itching
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The hallmark first sign of a scabies infestation is itchiness. Unlike other skin conditions, scabies is a generalized, intense itchiness all over, whereas many other conditions cause only localized itching. The main problem with this symptom is that itchiness can be indicative of many other conditions such as flea infestation or inhalant or food allergies. Only a veterinarian can diagnose a scabies infection.
Hair Loss
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Hair loss is another symptom of scabies. The sarcoptic mange mite will burrow into the hair follicle, causing inflammation, and ultimately cause the hair to fall out. Dogs with scabies will tend to have a moth-eaten appearance as clumps of hair begin to fall out. However, as the condition progresses, the dog will continue to lose hair until it is gone.
Skin Infections
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Types of skin infections are also symptoms of scabies. Skin infections occur as the dog chews on his body to relieve the intense itching. The moisture combined with bacteria in the environment and the saliva sets up bacterial skin infections, commonly known as hot spots. Yeast can also cause skin infections in dogs with scabies and is fungal in nature and not bacterial. Dogs with skin infections will have a sour or foul smell and will appear to have wet, thickened skin around the infected area.
Systemic Infections
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Systemic infections can result from chronically infected skin. The overgrowth of bacteria can enter the dog's system through ingestion or through an open wound and create a systemic infection, which will need to be treated with oral antibiotics.
Treatment Options
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Treatment includes medicated baths that kill the mites and soothe the skin, the administration of topical and systemic antibiotics and immune-boosting nutritional supplements. During a scabies infection, the dog's immune system will become suppressed, making the use of corticosteroids for itching relief contraindicated.
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