Unlike humans, a dog's normal resting heart rate varies depending on his size and breed, according to Dog-First-Aid-101.com. As a dog owner, it is important to know the proper resting heart rate for your breed of dog. Large-breed dogs, such as golden retrievers, tend to have a lower normal resting heart rate than smaller dogs. In some cases, however, a golden retriever might have an elevated heart rate. An elevated heart rate can cause a variety of significant medical problems and should be treated immediately.
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Identification
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For a golden retriever, the resting heart rate should be between 70 and 120 beats per minute. To determine whether your golden retriever has an elevated heart rate, stand over the dog with his head facing away from you. Position your hands on the dog's ribs and move your hands slowly until the heartbeat can be felt easily. Count the number of beats for 30 seconds and multiply that number by 2; this will be the dog's resting heart rate. The heart beat can also be felt on both sides of the neck and on the lower front legs.
Causes
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In some cases, an elevated heart rate may only be a temporary problem caused by a single event. For example, PetEducation.com explains that certain foods and substances may cause an elevated heart rate in dogs. These substances include hops (found in beer), marijuana and tobacco. Similarly, exercise, anxiety and pain will temporarily elevate the heart rate.
The most common cause of rapid heart rate in dogs is supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). This condition can be caused by heart disease, electrolyte imbalances, systemic illnesses or an overdose of medication.
Effects
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A consistently high heart rate can lead to progressive failure of the heart muscle, which results in the heart being unable to pump a sufficient amount of blood. As the heart muscle becomes weak, the force of contraction also becomes weak. Eventually, the failure of the heart muscle will lead to overall congestive heart failure (CHF). Unless treated, the heart will continue to fail until it is no longer able to pump blood to the body.
Diagnosis
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Once an elevated heart rate is suspected, a veterinarian should examine the golden retriever as soon as possible. An electrocardiogram (EKG) will likely be used to observe the electrical currents in the heart muscle. The EKG should also be able to determine whether any underlying heart disease is present. In many cases, the veterinarian will also perform a variety of laboratory tests, including a urinalysis, electrolyte panel, biochemical profile and complete blood count. These tests will determine whether any systemic diseases, cancers or electrolyte imbalances are present.
Treatment
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Your veterinarian will likely prescribe a variety of medications to slow the dog's heart rate to a normal rhythm. Medications will also be given to halt the progression of congestive heart failure, if necessary. According to Dog-Health-Guide.org, these medications include ACE-I inhibitors, vasodilators and diuretics. Surgical treatment may also be necessary, depending on the dog's specific condition.
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