Canine elbow dysplasia is a condition in which the elbow does not develop normally, causing difficulty with movement. The condition is inherited and is most common in large breeds, including German Shepherds, Rottweilers and retrievers. Elbow dysplasia can be diagnosed based on presentation of symptoms, a physical exam and an x-ray to examine the structure of the elbow. Treatment options include surgery to repair the joint for dogs younger than 2 and a combination of drugs, physical therapy and regular exercise for older dogs.
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Abnormal Gait
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One common sign of elbow dysplasia is an abnormal gait. The condition can cause arthritis in the elbow joints, which can affect the way your dog moves. Dogs with elbow dysplasia may stand with the elbows pointed in or out or may walk or run by paddling or flipping their front feet. They may also appear to be limping. Many dogs with the condition will display these symptoms only occasionally, because they will shift their weight around to move better and make themselves more comfortable.
Behavior
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Dogs with elbow dysplasia are often described as lazy or inactive, because they change their behavior due to the condition. They tend to become tired easily when playing or exercising, or you may notice that they begin to play less often than they did or for shorter periods of time. Dogs with elbow dysplasia may also try to play while sitting or laying down because they find these positions more comfortable.
Physical Signs
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In some dogs, you may notice physical signs of dysplasia on and around the elbow in addition to behavioral signs and changes in how they move. For example, the elbow may appear swollen and the dog may feel pain when you touch the joint. The skin may also be thicker than normal and the dog may not be able to fully extend it.
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