BUN (blood ureal nitrogen) and creatinine are by-products of the body's metabolism. These levels are used to monitor kidney functioning. If the kidneys are not working properly BUN and creatinine will be elevated.
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BUN
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An increase in BUN can mean the kidneys are impaired. It can also indicate problems in other body systems such as heart problems, dehydration or severe burns.
BUN and Protein
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BUN can also be increased if the body is breaking protein (muscle) down rapidly, if there is intestinal bleeding (blood protein breakdown) or if the dog is eating a very high protein diet.
Creatinine
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Increased creatinine levels suggest that the kidneys are damaged or infected. They can also be increased in dogs with diabetes, congestive heart failure or that are dehydrated.
Creatinine and Muscle Injury
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Creatinine levels can also be increased when muscle injury occurs or if a dog has exercised strenuously.
Diagnosis
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It is important to take both the BUN and creatinine levels into account together along with a thorough physical exam to gain an accurate diagnosis.
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