The German shepherd is one breed in a group of dogs that commonly possesses a genetic factor that causes epilepsy. Other dogs in this group include Belgian Tervurens, beagles, dachshunds and keeshonds.
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Diagnosis
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Diagnosis of primary epilepsy in dogs is difficult. Generally, epilepsy is diagnosed when all other causes for seizures have been ruled out. Other causes for seizures are low blood sugar, brain tumors, vaccines and severe worm infestations.
Time Frame
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The first seizures in German shepherds suffering from primary, or genetic, epilepsy can occur between 1 year and 5 years of age.
Symptoms-Tonic Stage
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A grand mal seizure starts with the tonic stage where the dog falls and becomes unconscious and stops breathing. The tonic stage lasts about 10 to 30 seconds.
Symptoms-Clonic Stage
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The clonic stage of a grand mal seizure follows the tonic stage and includes frantic movement of the limbs. This stage can also include salivating, urinating or defecating.
Treatment
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Treatment for seizures is recommended when the dog has more then one seizure per month. The most common treatments are antiseizure medications like phenobarbital or primidone.
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