Heartworms are invasive parasites affecting a dog's heart and multiple organ systems. A heartworm infestation may not become evident until the infection is severe. A veterinarian can treat a dog for heartworms, but extensive organ damage may be irreversible and fatal.
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Infection
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According to the Companion Animal Parasite Council, as many as 300,000 dogs per year are infected by heartworms in the Untied States. Unlike other worm parasites, heartworms do not create dull coats and behavior symptoms until the infection is severe, increasing the chance for a poor prognosis in comparison to other infestations.
Organ Systems
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Veterinarians are usually able to cure advanced heartworm infections. However, organ damage sustained as a result of the heartworm infection may be irreversible, leading to a poor prognosis. In most cases, the prognosis is dependent upon the amount of damage done to the dog's body.
Complications
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Treatment for dogs with advanced heartworm infestation may have complications. According to Placerville Vet, a drug called Immiticide is used to treat active heartworm infestations. Immiticide contains arsenic, a material poisonous to dogs.
Types
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Dog awaiting heart worm treatment According to Veterinary Partner, there are four classifications of heartworm disease, identified as classes I to IV. The prognosis for class I and II cases (low and moderate) is good. Severe cases (class III) have a more guarded prognosis, but positive outcome is possible. Class IV cases are emergency status and require emergency surgery via the jugular vein. Prognoses for Class IV cases are extremely guarded.
Warning
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If your dog presents clinical heartworm symptoms (coughing, difficulties after activity, lack of immunization), take him to the vet immediately.
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