Heartworms are exactly that̵2;worms that live inside your puppy's heart. They are spread when mosquitoes bite your puppy and transfer larvae into his blood. These worms damage not only the heart but also the lungs by clogging blood vessels. However, heartworm is easily prevented by talking with your vet and getting your puppy started on a regular regimen (tablet or liquid medication) of heartworm medication.
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When to Begin
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According to Drs. Foster & Smith, puppies can be given certain types of heartworm medication at 4 weeks old. However, Petco recommends beginning a regular heartworm regimen when a puppy is between 6 weeks and 6 months old. Additionally, it is always important to talk with your veterinarian about when to begin a heartworm prevention program and which program to choose. Some medications require blood tests prior to prescription.
If your puppy is over 6 months old and is not on a regular heartworm prevention regimen, she may already have heartworms. It is important to talk with your veterinarian about getting medication for your puppy immediately. In this case, the vet will perform a blood test before giving you any medication to be sure that your puppy does not already have heartworms. According to Petco, dogs with pre-existing heartworm that begin taking medication can suffer from anaphylactic-shock reaction (a type of severe allergic reaction). Treatment for dogs suffering from heartworm is available in injection form. However, it can be expensive, may require a hospital stay and is potentially toxic.
Time of the Year
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It is a general rule that if you are being bit by mosquitoes, your dog is too. However, veterinarians recommend that dogs be treated with heartworm medication all year long since some medications also prevent things like intestinal parasites. As Drs. Foster & Smith points out, staying on a regular regimen decreases the chances of forgetting to give your puppy the medication. If you would rather give your puppy medication only during warm months when mosquitoes are out, Dr. Foster & Smith recommends giving the medication after you see the first mosquito. It is recommended to stay in contact with your vet, who will determine the length of time your puppy should take heartworm medication.
Other Information
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According to the American Heartworm Society, all dogs should be tested after beginning heartworm medication to make sure it is effective and not causing your puppy any harm. If wanted, periodic testing can be done after that. Keep in mind that your puppy's age and lifestyle, the commonness of heartworm in your area, missed or late doses, and the type of heartworm medication used should factor in to whether your puppy is tested for heartworm.
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