Lumbosacral stenosis narrows the dog's vertebral canal and compresses nerve roots, causing severe pain and potentially causing incontinence. Treatment can involve limiting exercise, oral or injectable analgesics, or surgery depending on the severity of the condition.
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Breeds and Types of Dogs Affected
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In general, large dogs are most frequently affected by lumbosacral stenosis. According to the California Animal Hospital, German shepherds are "predisposed" to lumbosacral stenosis, though dogs of any breeds can be affected by this condition.
Anatomy of the Condition
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Lumbosacral stenosis affects the lower spine, above the dog's tail. The condition narrows the vertebral canal through thickening of the vertebral walls and inflammation of the discs between the vertebrae. This decreased space compresses the nerve roots and inhibits their ability to function correctly.
Causes of Lumbosacral Stenosis
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Lumbosacral stenosis can be a congenital condition--a narrowed vertebral canal is present in the dog from birth--or an acquired condition. According to Dr. Karen Vernau, DVM, other causes for lumbosacral stenosis include infection, trauma and tumors/cancer.
Diagnosing Lumbosacral Stenosis
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After taking a history of the dog's painful symptoms from the owner, a veterinarian will manipulate the dog's limbs to determine what causes the pain. Neurological exams and radiography are also part of the process. According to Dr. Holly Nash, DVM, regardless of the cause of the condition, lumbosacral stenosis will not appear until the dog is between 3 and 5 years of age.
Treatment of Lumbosacral Stenosis
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Early symptoms of lumbosacral stenosis can be treated with pain medication and anti-inflammatory drugs. Some dogs might be prescribed muscle relaxants such as prednisolone. Surgical treatment might be required for severely affected dogs.
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