Canine copper disease, more commonly referred to as copper storage disease or canine copper hepatotoxicosis, is a medical condition caused by copper accumulating in a dog's liver. Canine copper disease can be fatal if left untreated.
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Symptoms
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Canine copper disease symptoms vary widely according to the amount of liver damage. Typical signs include diarrhea, vomiting, weight loss, jaundice and anemia.
Consequences
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Untreated canine copper disease can cause cirrhosis of the liver, acute hepatitis and death.
Causes
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Excessive amounts of copper accumulate when a dog is unable to eliminate the mineral from its liver. This inherited trait could be caused by the copper binding to liver proteins.
Diagnosis
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Veterinarians typically run a blood test to check a dog's liver enzyme levels. A liver biopsy might be performed to confirm a copper storage disease diagnosis.
Treatment
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Treatment typically includes copper binding medications, zinc supplements and doses of vitamin E.
Considerations
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Canine copper disease commonly affects certain terrier breeds, including the Bedlington, West Highland and Skye terriers. Doberman Pinschers, Labradors and Cocker Spaniels are also at risk.
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