Kidney disease and subsequent renal failure in animals can be considered either acute (happening quickly) or chronic (occurring over a period of time). In both types of this disease, the filtration lobe of the kidney (called the nephron) becomes dysfunctional and the toxins that would normally be eliminated from the body in urine begin to accumulate in the dog's body. Animals will display symptoms of increased thirst and urination, lethargy, an inability or unwillingness to eat, weight loss and either constipation or diarrhea. They may begin to vomit at some point and develop ulcers in their mouth and on their gums. Their kidneys may be enlarged and painful upon palpation and urea nitrogen and creatinine levels in the blood may be elevated. Commonly, by the time renal failure is diagnosed, 70-80 percent of the kidney is non-functional. Veterinary treatment needs to begin as soon as the pet owner notices symptoms in order to be maximally effective. Much of that treatment will need to be accomplished at home.
Things You'll Need
- Veterinary diagnosis
- Prescribed medications
- Subcutaneous infusion set with fluids and extra needles
- Prescribed diet
Instructions
Treatment
Allow your veterinarian to complete a full examination of your animal. Blood chemistries, urinalysis, and abdominal radiographs will provide the vet with a full diagnosis and treatment plan.
Administer any medications prescribed by the veterinarian on a regular basis while the animal is in your care. These medications may include diuretics, phosphate binders, sodium bicarbonate, and medicines to improve digestive and cardiac function.
Learn how to give subcutaneous fluids to your pet. Your veterinarian or vet tech will show you how to perform this procedure at home in order to prevent your animal from becoming dehydrated and to help in kidney function.
Change your pet's diet to a one recommended by the vet. This diet is commonly lower in protein and sodium than commercial pet food and may include vitamin B supplements.
Continue regular veterinary check-ups to allow your vet to follow the progress of the disease and change treatment protocol as needed.
Watch at home for signs the disease is progressing -- the animal may lose its appetite, become lethargic or unwilling to move, and its breath may begin to smell metallic.