Hyperlipidemia in dogs is a condition in which the lipids in the bloodstream are elevated. Lipids are fats and include triglycerides, phospholipids, cholesterol esters and cholesterol. Hyperlipidemia in dogs can result in death from obesity, neurological problems and pancreatitis.
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Causes
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Hyperlipidemia actually occurs naturally in dogs immediately after they eat and lasts for a few hours. Eventually the lipids return to a normal and healthy level. In cases of deficiencies or defects in enzymes that break down the lipids, hyperlipidemia may result.
Symptoms
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Dogs with hyperlipidemia may have no symptoms, or may suffer seizures, vomiting and even symptoms of pancreatitis, such as pain and discomfort in their abdomen.
Diagnosis
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If your dog is exhibiting symptoms of hyperlipidemia, the vet will determine the diagnosis according to fasting triglyceride and cholesterol levels; levels above 500 mg/dl and 300 mg/dl, respectively, could indicate hyperlipidemia.
Treatment
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Treatment of hyperlipidemia consists of a low-fat diet, medication and a fatty acid supplement. Medication would depend on the dog, the situation and the severity of the case. Usually a veterinarian should try all other options before resorting to medication, as the side effects include vomiting, liver toxicity and diarrhea.
Follow-Up
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After four weeks of treatment the triglyceride and cholesterol levels will be checked again. If the levels are not below 500 mg/dl and 300 mg/dl respectively, a diet with even less fat will be prescribed. In some cases the dog will have to eat homemade dog food.
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