Canine companions can require ear surgery for a variety of reasons that can be either health-related or for cosmetic reasons. As with any surgery, a number of both serious and not-so-serious complications can arise. Understanding the potential complications of canine ear surgery can help the dog owner decide if the benefits of the surgery outweigh the risks.
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Ear Cropping Risks
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Ear cropping is a procedure that is done to remove part of a dog's ear in order to produce fully erect ears. While the general risk is low, there are still a few complications that can arise due to an ear cropping procedure. Some dogs can suffer from hemorrhage (bleeding) or other issues related to general anesthesia. There may also be a breakdown of the wound at the incision site or infections can occur after the surgery.
Vestibular Syndrome
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The organ that controls balance is located in the inner ear, so if infection or swelling occurs---the dog can suffer from several side effects. These side effects are referred to as vestibular syndrome and can include a loss of balance or head tilt. Vestibular syndrome affects less than 2 percent of all canine ear-surgery patients. Fortunately, as the swelling or infection clears, the condition will dissipate.
Horner's Syndrome
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Horner's syndrome is a condition in which several issues arise: miosis (pupil construction), a portion of the eye becomes covered by the third eyelid, ptosis (dropping of the upper eyelid), sunken appearance of the affected eye and blood vessel dilation. Horner's syndrome is caused by direct damage or swelling to the sympathetic nerve located in the middle ear. Fortunately, the nerve is considered to be well-protected and the condition as a result of surgery is relatively uncommon.
Facial Nerve Paralysis
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The ear is in close proximity to several facial nerves, so it is no surprise that facial paralysis is a potential complication of canine ear surgery. The nerve which controls facial expressions is located near the base of the ears, so even normal swelling or bruising from the surgery can cause temporary paralysis. Fortunately for most dogs, facial nerve paralysis lasts less than two months.
Death
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Dogs who are undergoing ear surgery will require anesthesia. Unfortunately, anesthesia can cause unwanted adverse reactions in some dogs and death can be a result. However, owners should be aware that anesthesia-related deaths are extremely rare. Today, veterinarians are able to monitor their canine patients throughout the entire surgery thanks to modern medical equipment such as blood pressure and pulse monitors, carbon dioxide level monitors and respiration monitors.
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