High potassium levels (hyperkalemia) in dogs usually raises a red flag. Veterinarians therefore will investigate the underlying cause of such abnormal levels. This is mainly done by having the dog undergo a battery of tests to properly diagnose and therefore treat any potential conditions present.
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Function
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Potassium is a salt responsible for various bodily functions in the dog. Indeed, this mineral is essential for maintaining the dog's nerves, muscles, enzymes, heart and kidneys.
Considerations
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Even though potassium is generally found in dog food, high levels of potassium are not commonly caused by an excessive dietary intake. Rather, more likely than not, high levels of potassium are indicative of some underlying health condition or organ malfunction.
Causes
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Some of the most common causes of hyperkalemia are acute or chronic kidney failure, Addison's disease and diabetes. Other causes may be a urinary obstruction, a ruptured bladder, muscle trauma and the administration of ACE inhibitors, NSAIDs, potassium sparing diuretics and potassium supplements.
Identification
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According to Pawprints and Purrs Inc., the normal potassium values in dogs should be between 3.4 and 5.4 mEq/L. Anything higher than these values are suggestive of hyperkalemia.
Warning
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In some cases, there may be factors that could cause erroneous high potassium readings in dogs (pseudohyperkalemia). Interestingly, the Akita dog breed is prone to pseudohyperkalemia.
Treatment
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Once a dog's blood work reveals high potassium levels, the veterinarian will identify and treat the underlying cause, while supportive measures are taken to bring these values back to normal.
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