What Are the Treatments for Multiple Myeloma in the Dog?

Multiple myeloma in the dog is a cancer that originates in the bone marrow. Treatment usually includes chemotherapy, fluids and antibiotics. Although chemotherapy can improve the condition in many cases, the multiple myeloma is rarely ever cured. Veterinarians use blood tests, bone x-rays and urinalysis to diagnose this condition.

  1. Types

    • In addition to chemotherapy, antibiotics are frequently administered because infection chemotherapy can suppress the immune system, leading to infections. Oral or intravenous fluids are given to prevent or treat dehydration. Chemotherapy is administered orally over 20 days.

    Time Frame

    • With prompt diagnosis and medical intervention, treatment can often prolong the dog's life for up to two years. The dog may experience a relapse at any time during treatment, however.

    Benefits

    • Benefits of treatment are palliative: they do not cure the condition but only alleviate the symptoms and improve quality of life. Fluids will prevent the dog from dehydrating, and the chemotherapy may prevent the cancerous cells from proliferating and causing him pain.

    Side Effects

    • Chemotherapy can cause nausea and vomiting, fatigue, loss of appetite and weight loss.

    Warning

    • Chemotherapy treatments can cause the dog's immune system to fail. His white blood count may fall to dangerous levels, putting him at risk for severe infection. This is a medical emergency that requires prompt intervention.