Yeast infection is a very common problem in dogs because yeast organisms multiply rapidly in moist, irritated ear canals. Yeast infections are treated with anti-yeast medications and by eliminating the underlying causes.
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Description
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A yeast infection, or Malassezia otitis, in a dog may be a reaction to ear mites or allergies. Mast cells in a dog's ears produce prostaglandins, histamines and other chemicals in response to allergens, causing the over-production of ear wax and secretions. Yeast spores are attracted to this moist environment and multiply.
Symptoms
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Yeast infections will cause a dog's ears to appear pinkish-brown and smell bad. Under microscopic examination, ear tissue will look thick and spongy. The dog's ears will itch.
Causes
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Long, furry or floppy ears provide a warm, dark environment for yeast to grow. Swimming or spending time in damp or wet outdoor conditions will create good conditions for yeast. Underlying allergies may create a propensity to develop yeast infection of the ears.
Treatment
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Yeast infection in a dog's ears is treated with a chlorhexidine rinse, clotramizole ointment, or other anti-yeast medications. Oral antibiotics may be given to fight secondary infections caused by scratching and rubbing of the ears.
Considerations
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Food allergies occur in about one out of five dogs suffering from frequent yeast infections of the ears. Identify the allergen and eliminate it. If it is a food allergy, changing to a diet formulated specifically for allergic dogs will be beneficial.
Expert Insight
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Often a secondary bacterial infection occurs with a yeast infection, presenting with an inflamed ear canal and pussy discharge. Anti-inflammatory and antibiotics may be prescribed in additional to medication to control yeast.
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