Most dog poisonings are caused by chocolate ingestion. It contains natural stimulants, such as caffeine and theobromine, that affect the dog's heart and central nervous system. Dog owners usually don't know how lethal it can be to their dogs if eaten. Therefore, awareness of such danger is highly recommended.
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Causes
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Chocolate is one of the most hazardous foods to dogs. "The compounds in chocolate that cause toxicosis are caffeine and theobromine, which belong to a group of chemicals called methylxanthines," according to ASPCA Virtual Pet Behaviorist website. Dark baker's chocolate has higher levels of methylxanthines than white chocolate. Therefore, the darker the chocolate is, the more it is toxic.
Signs and Symptoms
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Symptoms of dog chocolate poisoning vary depending on the type and amount of chocolate ingested. The most common are vomiting, diarrhea, restlessness and hyperactivity. Also other signs are excessive panting, increased urination, lethargy, increased thirst, irregular heartbeat, high body temperature and muscle tremors. As the poison progresses, it can lead to death caused by cardiac arrhythmias and seizures. Most symptoms will show within two hours but sometimes it can be within 24 hours and up to three days to recover.
Prevention
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Dog owners should know the foods that are dangerous to their dogs if ingested, such as chocolate. Having such knowledge will prevent their pets from being victims of poisoning. They should always keep the chocolate foods and supplies away from dogs by putting them inside the top cabinet or refrigerator. Be extra watchful especially during holiday seasons when chocolates are placed anywhere that dogs can have access.
Treatment
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If you discover that your dog has eaten chocolate, induce vomiting as first aid by using hydrogen peroxide. According to Big Paws Only website, "Mix three percent hydrogen peroxide to water solution and give your dog 1-2 teaspoons for a smaller dog, 3-4 tables spoons for a larger dog, by mouth every 10-15 minutes until you produce vomiting." In that way, it can get rid the toxic food in the stomach. Then give your dog activated charcoal to absorb the poison in your pet's body system. Follow the instructions provided for dosage amount of activated charcoal needed. Also, contact your veterinarian before beginning any treatment at home.
Warning
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If you know that your dog ingested any amount of chocolate, call your veterinarian for advice. If serious symptoms occur, bring your dog right away to your veterinarian for urgent medical treatment. You can also contact your local poison control center or ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center at (888) 426-4435 but there is a consultation fee for such service.
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