A dog sees the world through his nose, so the thought of your dog having a nasal infection can be somewhat alarming. According to Washington State University, a canine's "nasal passages are filled with very fine scrolls of bone," making it susceptible to infection. Being able to recognize the symptoms of canine nasal infection, as well as seeking immediate help from your vet, will have your dog sniffing the world again soon.
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Types
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There are various types of canine nasal infection, each of which may be caused by bacteria, virus or fungus. Two of the most common types of infection are sinus infections and fungal infections. Sinus infections in dogs are similar to those in humans, occurring when the sinus cavities become inflamed and fill with fluid. Fungal infection, known as aspergillosis, also develops within the sinuses and is caused by the fungi aspergillus, which can be inhaled through your dog's nose.
Symptoms
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Symptoms of canine nasal infection can vary depending on what type of nasal infection your dog has. Discharge is a common symptom of all types of infections. Signs of a sinus infection may also include "sneezing and coughing or gagging [and] on rare occasions, your dog may have nosebleeds and may or may not have a fever," according to Ulcerations.
Diagnosis
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In order to properly diagnose your dog, your vet will do a complete examination. Your vet will pay particular attention to your dog's nose, eyes and respiratory health. Various tests may also be performed by your vet, including X-rays of the skull, looking up the nostrils with a flexible tube called a rhinoscope, looking at the back of the nose with a small mirror placed in the throat, washing fluid through the nose, biopsy through the nostril and CT scans of the skull.
Treatment
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Treatment will likely include antibiotics or antifungal medication prescribed by your vet. Dog-health-guide does not recommend that you treat you dog's symptoms with over-the-counter children's cold and sinus medicine since ingredients such as acetaminophen and naprosin can be harmful to your dog. Additionally, keep your dog warm and dry, limiting his time outdoors, especially in cold weather. A vaporizer near his bed can help him breathe easier. Dog-health-guide also recommends encouraging your dog to drink plenty of water.
Prevention
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Certain breeds are more susceptible to nasal infections. Aspergillus is most common in dogs that have long to moderate length noses like collies and shepherds, according to WSU. It is also more common in younger dogs. Dogs that spend time outdoors are more likely to inhale foreign matter into the nasal passages.
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