Flea anemia is a condition that some animals experience due to blood loss from flea bites. The fleas, acting as parasites, derive their nutrition by extracting the animals' blood. The animals, in turn, can experience a shortage of red blood cells, which can lead to anemia. Slight anemia may go unnoticed, whereas severe anemia can cause extreme fatigue and even death. If caught in time, there are several ways to treat anemia caused by fleas.
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Ridding the Animal of Infestation
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Fleas existing on the animal's body must be removed as a first step to treating anemia. Flea sprays can be used on some animals. The owner or veterinarian sprays the animal with a flea spray and then uses items like cotton balls and combs to rub the animal down and sift through the hair to remove the parasites. Some veterinarians may treat the animal with fast-acting medication, such as Capstar tablets. These tablets kill existing fleas.
Building Up the Blood
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In cases of mild to moderate anemia, a veterinarian most likely will treat the animal with ongoing B12 and iron supplements in the form of injections, liquid or tablets. These supplements help to build blood volume and quality within the sick animal. In more severe cases of flea anemia, an animal may need a blood transfusion in order to gain necessary volume and iron. Iron also can be injected directly into the liver for more immediate delivery.
Prevention
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An animal that has been treated for anemia must be able to recuperate in an area that is free from flea infestation. This also is essential in order to prevent future health problems. Chemical bombs can rid houses and yard areas of fleas. Multiple treatments may be necessary. The animal also needs regular baths and possibly topical treatment in order to repel fleas. Flea collars and repellents that are sold in most stores are somewhat effective. The most effective topical medications can be found at local veterinarians' offices; an example of one such medication is Frontline Top Spot. Animals who exhibit signs of severe fatigue, visible flea infestations, and pale gums should be returned to the veterinarian for a checkup and more treatments as soon as possible.
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