You would like your new puppy to be healthy throughout its lifetime. Unfortunately, a dog is subject to health problems just like humans are. Since a dog can't tell you when it is sick, you must watch your dog for signs of illness. Many illnesses are common for certain breeds or dogs in general. If you notice signs of a common dog ailment, you can consult your vet for a diagnosis.
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Inherited Conditions
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Certain breeds of dogs are more prone to certain diseases than other breeds. For example, large breed dogs such as the Great Dane are prone to hip dysplasia, while others such as the Boston Terrier and the English Toy Spaniel are prone to Luxating Patella (slipping kneecaps). When considering purchasing a breed, it is a good idea to bear in mind the breed's predisposition for genetic conditions.
Skin Disorders
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The most common skin disorder in dogs is mange. Mange is typically caused by tiny mites that burrow into the dog's hair follicles. Although most dogs have these mites, their immune systems are hearty enough to fight off the effects of mange. However, mange is typically seen in dogs with weakened immune systems. This includes puppies, malnourished or sick dogs, and elderly dogs. The best treatment for mange is to boost a dog's immune system with quality food and vitamins.
Cancer
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Like humans, dogs are subject to cancer in every bone and tissue of their bodies. A vet can help guide pet owners to the best treatment for a dog's cancer. Treatment for malignant cancers may include surgery or chemotherapy. A vet's treatment will aim to minimize pain, prevent a dog from dehydrating through vomiting, and ensure that a dog does not become malnourished and continues to eat.
Parasites
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All dogs face trouble with parasites. The most common forms of parasites are fleas, ticks and mosquitoes. The dog may develop secondary parasites, however, in the form of worms that are transmitted through mosquito, tick or flea bites. The most problematic of these are heartworms. Although intestinal worms can be a problem as well. To control parasites, a pet owner may apply a spray repellant, administer an oral repellant or resort to shampoos, dips or flea collars.
Infections
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Many dogs are vaccinated against viral infections while still in puppyhood. A vet will take this preventative measure because many viruses are fatal in dogs. Some common viral infections include rabies, canine parvovirus, distemper, infectious canine hepatitis, and canine herpesvirus. Bacterial infections are another problem faced by dogs. Common bacterial infections include Lyme Disease and Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever. Vets typically treat these diseases with antibiotics. A final form of infection is fungal infections. Ringworm is a common fungal infection that can be treated with a topical crème.
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