Malignant Melanoma in Dogs

Melanoma cancer begins in cells that produce pigment in the skin. The malignant cancer can spread to other parts of the body. It is most common in middle-aged and older dogs, with black male dogs being predisposed to the condition.

  1. Breeds

    • Certain breeds are more likely to be affected by melanomas. These include Scottish terriers, Airedale terriers, cocker spaniels, boxers, springer spaniels, Irish setters, chow chows, Chihuahuas, poodles, dachshunds and golden retrievers.

    Symptoms

    • Tumors associated with malignant melanoma most often appear on the skin, toes or mouth. With oral melanoma cancer, accompanying symptoms may be halitosis, drooling, facial swelling and difficulty eating.

    Diagnosis

    • Your veterinarian will employ several diagnostic tools. These may include blood work, X-rays, ultrasound and biopsy.

    Treatment

    • Treatment depends upon where a malignant tumor is located and how advanced it has become. Possible treatments include surgical removal of the tumor, amputation, chemotherapy and radiation.

    Prognosis

    • Prognosis for dogs diagnosed with malignant melanoma is usually considered to be guarded.