Itching and scratching, loss of fur, inflammations and other issues of the skin are common ailments among dogs. This is because when dogs react to allergens, it is with their skin. With humans, we generally react to allergens with nasal symptoms. Fortunately, if your dog suffers from a skin condition, there is a lot you and your veterinarian can do to help him.
-
Treating Symptoms
-
Sometimes your veterinarian may recommend treating only your dog's symptoms when they are associated with a skin issue. Treating symptoms may also be necessary when using another type of treatment to alleviate your dog's discomfort until other therapies begin to work. Treating symptoms might include cool baths with oatmeal, Epsom salts or medicated shampoos. Topical solutions containing hydrocortisone may ease your dog's discomfort if there is localized itching. Products include creams, salves and sprays.
Steroids
-
Steroids are one of the most common ways in which allergies are treated in dogs. Steroids reduces itching and inflammation of the skin. However, they shouldn't be used as long-term treatments because frequent usage can cause diabetes, hamper the dog's ability to fight infection and increase susceptibility of seizures. Short-term side effects include increased drinking and urination. Steroids are available in an oral form and in an injection.
Antihistamines
-
Antihistamines, including over-the-counter Benadryl, are often used to alleviate allergies in dogs. The main side effect to antihistamines is that they cause lethargy. Other possible side effects might include hyperactivity, constipation, dry mouth and anorexia. Other Antihistamines often prescribed include hyroxyzine (brand name Atarax), clemastine fumarate (brand name Tavist) and chlorpheniramine (brand name Chlor-Trimeton).
Fatty Acids
-
Omega-3 and Omega-6 fatty acids have natural anti-inflammatory properties. There are few, if any, risks from side effects. Omega-3 is found in fish oils and Omega-6 in plants containing gamma-linolenic acids. Fatty acids are usually given to dogs in a supplement form. While the fatty acids will reduce inflammation, they do not reduce itching. Fatty acids usually don't work until the pet has been taking them for several weeks or months. The use of fatty acids is often combined with other types of treatments.
Immunotherapy
-
Immunotherapy treatment is the allergy shot. This treatment is expensive and can take six to 12 months to show improvement. The dog is tested for an allergic reaction to cats, feathers, wool, molds, dust, trees and about 60 potential allergens. The substance or substances to which the dog is allergic are identified, and the dog is then exposed to the substance or substances through a weekly injection until the dog becomes de-sensitized to it or them.
-