Chronic bladder infections are an uncomfortable but common condition in some dogs. If left untreated, a bladder infection can spread to the kidneys, causing sepsis (blood poisoning) and permanent kidney damage. Any dog can get a bladder infection, but dogs suffering from Cushing's disease and diabetes are more susceptible.
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Causes
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Bacteria, usually E. coli, travel up the urethra and enter the normally sterile environment of the bladder. The shorter urethra of female dogs makes it easier for bacteria to enter the bladder and makes them more prone to infection than male dogs.
Symptoms
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Symptoms of a bladder infection include blood in the urine and pain or difficulty urinating. Your normally house-trained dog may begin to urinate indoors.
Treatment
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Broad spectrum antibiotics are used to clear up existing infections. Although symptoms should resolve quickly, give the entire course of antibiotics.
Bladder Stones
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Bladder stones often form as the result of chronic bladder infections. Bacterial bladder infections make the urine more alkaline, creating an environment suitable for stone development. Stones irritate the bladder, predisposing your dog to another infection.
Prevention
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Specialized diets that dissolve and prevent formation of stones are available by prescription from your veterinarian. Allow your dog frequent opportunities to urinate. "Holding it" concentrates the urine and raises the risk of infection.
Supplements
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According to the Journal of Urology, "cranberry products can inhibit E. coli adherence" to bladder cells. Cranberry is available in supplement form.
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