Rabies Vaccination Reactions in Dogs

The Facts

• Rabies vaccinations for dogs are required by law in the United States. The vaccine is the only type mandated by law. Reasoning for the requirement lies in the fact that it is in order to protect humans from rabies. Since dogs have to be vaccinated, it is unlikely they can encounter a rabid dog. However, there are wild animals, such as raccoons and rodents that can be infected, which in turn can be harmful to the dogs. How often a dog needs to be vaccinated varies by state, although it is typically anywhere from one to three years.

Theories/Speculation

• Although the rabies vaccination protects humans and dogs from the deadly disease, there are opponents who feel the risk of reaction to the dogs outweighs any risk of rabies. Some feel the vaccine should be outlawed altogether. Compared with other types of vaccinations, the rabies vaccine has the most side effects. Other opponents want a compromise, such as limiting the amount of vaccinations a dog receives in his lifetime. According to rabieschallengefund.org, there is clinical proof that vaccinating a dog even every three years is not necessary, as the vaccine can last for seven years.

Immediate Reactions

• Mild reactions in dogs as a result of a rabies vaccination are common, especially at the injection site. These reactions may include swelling, itching and redness, which are all common reactions of any shot. Some dogs may experience a slight fever as well. A more serious immediate reaction to a rabies vaccination is an allergic reaction, which can be deadly. Symptoms to watch for are vomiting, heavy breathing, watering of the eyes and facial swelling.

Late Reactions

• Other serious reactions may not occur for days or even several weeks after a rabies vaccination. These reactions can be physical as well as behavioral. Physical reactions include skin problems, muscle weakness, seizures, allergy developments and digestive problems. Behavioral reactions may include separation anxiety, obsessive compulsions (such as excessively licking paws), aggression, self-mutilation and eating foreign objects such as wood, dirt and rocks. Autoimmune diseases may develop, including those that affect the central nervous system, skin, eyes, liver, kidney, blood cells and bone marrow. Polyarthritis, a serious joint inflammation disorder, can also develop long after the vaccination takes place.

Prevention/Solution

• With these reactions in mind, one cannot help but be weary of the rabies vaccine. Although there is evidence of serious risks, it is not wise to skip the vaccine, as it could mean dire consequences for a dog if he comes across a rabid wild animal. In addition, if the local animal control finds out a dog is rabid, it can mean serious fines for his owner. The best thing a dog owner can do is talk to his vet about any concerns, as well as let him know immediately if any reactions are suspected after a vaccination.