Swallowing Problems in Dogs

Swallowing problems in dogs is referred to as dysphagia. There are many causes of dysphagia. It may be a sign of a small problem or a more severe illness or injury. Early diagnosis is important to insure appropriate treatment. Bring your dog to the veterinarian for appropriate diagnosis at the first signs of swallowing problems.

  1. Significance

    • If you dog exhibits any signs of swallowing problems, it should immediately be taken to the veterinarian for appropriate diagnosis. Swallowing problems in dogs can be very painful and if left untreated can lead to malnutrition, pneumonia or even death.

    Diagnosis

    • It is very important that the cause of the swallowing problem be diagnosed correctly. Your veterinarian will examine your dogs head and mouth. They will then probably require a complete oral examination requiring sedation. The veterinarian may also request blood tests, urinalysis and potentially X-rays of the head, neck and chest. Additional specialized diagnostic tests may also be requested to confirm diagnosis of the swallowing problem.

    Causes

    • Swallowing problems in dogs have many potential causes. These include:

      Nerve dysfunctions
      Inflammation, or damage, of the chewing muscles, tongue, gums, mouth or pharynx
      Muscular dystrophies
      Muscle paralysis due to rabies, tetanus, tick bites or botulism
      Injury to the mouth, jaw or tongue

      Fractured bones or teeth
      Dental issues
      Foreign body
      Cyst, tumor or granuloma
      Airway disease
      Poisoning
      Immune disorders

    Symptoms

    • The most commonly reported symptoms of swallowing problems are coughing, nasal discharge and vomiting. Other symptoms may include:

      Drooling
      Bloody saliva
      Excess saliva
      Unable to keep food in the mouth
      Numerous swallowing attempts
      Loss of appetite
      Weight loss
      Mouth pain
      Halitosis
      Muscle weakness
      Gagging

    Treatment

    • The treatment for swallowing problems will vary depending on the diagnosed cause. Treatment should begin as early as possible and may include:

      Dietary changes -- softer food may be recommended
      Feeding tube or intravenous feeding
      Antibiotics -- to combat bacteria
      Surgery
      Medication specific to underlying disease
      Steroids - to treat inflammation