Types of amyloidosis are classified based on the type of amyloid protein involved and the affected organs. Some common types include:
1. Light Chain (AL) Amyloidosis: This type is associated with a plasma cell dyscrasia, such as multiple myeloma. The amyloid protein is derived from an abnormal antibody produced by plasma cells.
2. Transthyretin (ATTR) Amyloidosis: This type is caused by mutations in the transthyretin gene. It may be hereditary (familial ATTR) or acquired (wild-type ATTR).
3. Dialysis-Related Amyloidosis (AA): This type occurs in individuals with chronic kidney disease undergoing dialysis. It is associated with the buildup of amyloid A protein.
4. Familial Amyloid Polyneuropathy (FAP): This type is inherited and associated with mutations in various genes. It primarily affects the peripheral nerves, leading to progressive nerve damage.
Symptoms of amyloidosis can vary depending on the affected organs and the type of amyloid protein involved. Some common symptoms include:
1. Fatigue
2. Weakness
3. Weight loss
4. Swelling in the legs, ankles, and around the eyes
5. Shortness of breath
6. Kidney problems
7. Diarrhea or constipation
8. Numbness or tingling in the hands and feet
Treatment for amyloidosis typically involves the management of the underlying cause and supportive care to alleviate symptoms. It may include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, stem cell transplantation, liver or kidney transplantation, and medications to prevent further amyloid deposition.
Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial in managing amyloidosis and preventing significant organ damage. If you experience persistent symptoms that may be related to amyloidosis, it's important to consult a healthcare professional for proper evaluation and care.