1. Allergic reaction:
This can be caused by anything from food to environmental allergens, such as pollen or dust mites. Swelling and stiffness are often accompanied by other symptoms, such as itching, sneezing, and runny eyes.
2. Insect bites or stings:
These can cause localized swelling and pain. If the bite or sting is near the spine, it can also lead to stiffness in the legs.
3. Trauma:
A dog can experience trauma from being hit by a car, getting into a fight, or suffering a fall. Trauma can cause a variety of injuries, including swelling and stiffness.
4. Infection:
A bacterial or viral infection can cause swelling and stiffness throughout the body. Other symptoms of infection include fever, lethargy, and loss of appetite.
5. Autoimmune disease:
These conditions occur when the body's immune system attacks its own tissues. Some autoimmune diseases can cause swelling and stiffness in the neck and legs.
6. Cancer:
Some types of cancer can cause swelling and stiffness in the neck and legs. Cancer is more common in older dogs.
It is important to take your dog to the veterinarian if you notice any swelling or stiffness. The veterinarian will be able to diagnose the cause of the problem and recommend the appropriate treatment.