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Grass and Dirt
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If you're setting up a kennel outside, you probably already have grass and dirt in the area you plan to use. They are natural surfaces, so you don't have to worry about treating the area or harming the dogs. However, grass will wear down from use and brown from urine, and the bare dirt will turn into mud when it rains.
Gravel
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Gravel is easy to clean and the urine drains through, so you will have little problem with odor if you keep the kennel cleaned. The gravel will need to be replenished periodically. Dogs with sensitive paws won't like walking on gravel, although they will likely adjust eventually. It's also not a comfortable surface for lying down, and it can get quite hot on sunny days. Puppies, and even some adult dogs, may try to eat the gravel pieces, which is extremely dangerous. The cost varies greatly depending on the type and amount of gravel you buy.
Cement
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Cement is another surface you may already have at your disposal. It is also easy to clean and maintain. However, it needs to be sealed properly to avoid urine staining and odor and is not good for dogs to lay on directly, so you will need to provide bedding areas.
Kennel Decking
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Kennel decking is a manufactured product that installs much like laminate flooring. It looks nice, can be portable, and is much more comfortable for dogs to lay on than concrete. It can be laid down over any surface that drains (such as gravel, dirt, etc). It is easy to clean and maintain, although feces can become stuck between the slats. Hosing it down can take care of the problem.
Interlocking Stall or Gym Mats
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Interlocking stall or gym mats are rubber floor tiles that lock together. They look nice and are the most comfortable for dogs for lying and running on because they have a good deal of support and give. They are easy to clean. They will need to be placed over something that drains, such as gravel or sand. They are more expensive than kennel decking.
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The Best Floors for Dog Kennels
There are a variety of factors you need to keep in mind when choosing flooring for dog kennels. Consider the location of the kennel, the number of dogs that are going to be using it, the amount of use, how you intend to clean the area, cost, and aesthetics. After considering all of those factors, you will be able to decide what is the best option for you.