The input device is the component that receives the input signal. This can be any type of sensor, such as a temperature sensor, pressure sensor, or motion sensor. The input device converts the physical signal into an electrical signal that can be processed by the controller.
2. Controller
The controller is the brain of the control system. It receives the input signal from the input device and calculates the appropriate output signal to send to the output device. The controller can be a simple logic circuit, a microprocessor, or a computer.
3. Output device
The output device is the component that receives the output signal from the controller and converts it into a physical action. This can be any type of actuator, such as a motor, valve, or solenoid. The output device drives the controlled system according to the control signal.
4. Controlled system
The controlled system is the component that is being controlled by the control system. This can be any type of physical system, such as a heating system, air conditioning system, or robotics system.