Instructions
Figure out your dog's routine and cues. Most Lab puppies have to eliminate about 15 minutes after eating, upon waking up, and before going to sleep. Other behaviors ("cues") indicating your puppy needs to go are walking around in a circle and sniffling. Your puppy will probably favor one particular spot in the yard to do his business. Note where this is.
Take your puppy outside on a regular schedule according to his routine (try every 2 hours in the beginning), and whenever he displays one of his cues. If he goes, praise him effusively and offer a treat. Labs thrive on schedules, and your puppy will be more successful in "holding it" if he knows he will go out soon.
Startle your puppy with a loud "NO!" if you catch him in the act of going indoors, and immediately take him outside to his potty spot. If he goes outside, praise him effusively.
Confine your puppy in a crate when you go out. The crate should be just large enough for him to be able to turn around and lie down. (Contrary to popular belief, most Labs like crates, as they give them a space or territory of their own to protect. This is also useful if you will be using your dog as a hunting companion, as they will become used to travel crates.) Labs will avoid "soiling their nest" at almost all costs.
Continue this gentle method of training until your dog is consistently eliminating outside. Housebreaking times vary with puppies, from as little as a few weeks to as long as 4 months.
How to Housebreak a Labrador Retriever Puppy
Labrador Retrievers thrive on human attention and affection, and these traits come in very handy for owners trying to housebreak their dogs. Gentle methods such as positive reinforcement and reward work best when trying to housebreak Labs. The fewer chances you give them to eliminate in the house, the faster the training will go.