Dog collars and harnesses are both used to attach a leash to a dog. Both are usually made of the same materials, but they work differently and some dogs do better with one than the other.
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Collars
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Collars are generally made of nylon, leather or cloth and are designed to fit around the neck of a dog. There are also several types of specialty collars, such as head halters, choke or slip chains and prong or pinch collars.
Harnesses
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Harnesses are generally made of nylon or leather, although they can also be made of fabric, and fit around the neck, in front of the shoulders and behind the front legs.
Considerations
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If a dog has respiratory or trachea problems, use a harness, but if there are no breathing problems with the dog, a collar can be used.
Sizing
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Collar sizing should be checked regularly for appropriate width, length and tightness, especially in puppies. Harnesses are often harder to fit but are adjustable and can last longer than a collar. The most important fit for a harness is the girth of the animal.
Comfort
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Collars are less bulky and confining than a harness but can cause chafing and matting in a dog's fur, especially if ill fitted. Harnesses evenly distribute weight and prevent throat injury, but if not properly adjusted, the dog can can get out of it.
Safety
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Checking the fit of both collars and harnesses is essential. If either is not properly fitted, they can cause injury to the dog. Try multiple kinds of either to find the best for the dog before purchasing.
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