Blind and visually impaired individuals can benefit from the use of guide dogs. These highly trained dogs provide their owners with independence and mobility, as well as companionship. Most of these dogs receive specialized instruction through professional programs involving licensed trainers, often using community-based volunteer programs. However, the Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA) defines guide dogs as animals that are purposely trained to provide assistance to individuals with disabilities, regardless of licenses or certifications.
Things You'll Need
- Specialty harness for guide dogs Walking cane
Instructions
Select a dog with the potential of becoming a guide dog for the blind. This involves researching the breed to determine common personality and physical traits. Choose a breed known for its ability to serve individuals with disabilities. Labrador retrievers are a common choice. In addition, the dog must be mature enough to embark upon a vigorous training program.
Purchase a specialized harness with a firm handle that hooks on both sides of the dog to allow the maximum amount of control for the handler while providing comfort for the animal (see Resources).
Determine the training schedule. Plan a minimum of two 30-minute sessions per day for the next eight to twelve weeks. Consistency is imperative to success.
Walk your dog around the neighborhood in his harness, teaching him directed guiding commands. These are "forward," "wait," "right" and "left." Verbalize these commands in conjunction with the desired action. These form the basis of guide-dog training programs for the blind. Soon, you will be able to give the command in advance of the action, and your dog will respond to the verbal cue. Use positive rewards in the form of praise and treats when your dog reacts to your commands.
Teach your dog to give warnings. Make him stop every time you reach a curb or step. Expand the dog's special awareness to include you by carrying a cane and striking it sharply against objects in your way, while loudly proclaiming "ouch." Do this to mailboxes, low hanging tree branches, light poles and other obstacles. Praise him when he takes the initiative and guides you around obstacles before you come in contact with them.