What breed of dog was used to fend off highwaymen?

There isn't a specific breed of dog historically known for fending off highwaymen. However, some breeds were popular for their guarding and protective instincts, which would have been useful against highwaymen:

* Mastiffs: Large, powerful dogs with a fearsome reputation. They were used as guard dogs and could intimidate potential attackers.

* Bulldogs: Bred for their strength and tenacity, bulldogs were also used for guarding and were known for their aggressive nature.

* Great Danes: Large and imposing, these dogs were bred for hunting and were known for their protective instincts.

* German Shepherds: Highly intelligent and loyal, German Shepherds were often used as guard dogs and could be trained to be very protective of their owners and property.

While these breeds might have been helpful against highwaymen, it's important to note that:

* Highwaymen often targeted people traveling alone or in small groups. It's unlikely they would have been deterred by a single dog, especially if the highwayman was armed.

* Dogs are not always reliable deterrents. They can be frightened or distracted, and some breeds are known for being friendly, making them less effective as guard dogs.

Ultimately, the best way to protect yourself from highwaymen would have been to travel in groups, avoid traveling at night, and be aware of your surroundings.